What Is Inflammation, Anyway?

You stub your toe, so it turns red. Pollen levels are high, so your nose is itchy. You have a fever, so your body starts to sweat. These are all examples of our body’s normal inflammatory response when viruses, bacteria, and germs try to invade. The word “inflammation” is often used broadly, but it is a complex response that every human can experience. Here’s all you need to know about inflammation.

What Is Inflammation?

At its core, inflammation is the body's response to injury, infection, or irritation. This process involves a series of events that mobilize the immune system, aiming to eliminate the source of harm by dispatching white blood cells to protect the area. The classic signs of inflammation — redness, swelling, heat, and pain — indicate the body's vigorous effort to heal itself. 

Acute vs. Chronic Inflammation

There are two kinds of inflammation: acute and chronic. Distinguishing between the two is crucial for understanding their distinct characteristics and implications. 

Acute inflammation is a rapid and targeted defense mechanism to combat immediate threats. It is a short-term, localized response that resolves once the threat is neutralized. This type of inflammation is what most people are familiar with and is common with most injuries.

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged and systemic response that can signify a severe health complication. Sometimes, chronic inflammation can be caused by an overactive immune system that sends response warnings for something that isn’t as serious, making for an uncomfortable — and sometimes debilitating — pain that doesn’t easily go away. This kind of inflammation is often associated with debilitating inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, cardiovascular diseases, and other autoimmune disorders. 

Causes of Inflammation

Numerous factors contribute to the initiation and perpetuation of inflammation. Infections, injuries, and exposure to toxins are primary triggers, but lifestyle factors also play a pivotal role in the perpetuation of inflammatory diseases. Poor diet, lack of exercise, and chronic stress promote chronic inflammation, highlighting the interconnectedness between our daily choices and the body's inflammatory responses.

How to Reduce Chronic Inflammation

There are lifestyle habits that you can make to help with chronic inflammation.

• Eat a Nutrient-Rich Diet: Consume a diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids.

• Exercise Regularly: Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces inflammation. Aim for a combination of aerobic exercises and strength training.

• Get Adequate Sleep: Quality sleep is crucial for overall well-being. Strive for seven to nine hours of uninterrupted sleep each night.

• Practice Stress Management: Stress-reducing techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, or yoga will help keep stress levels and inflammation in check.

• Stay Hydrated: Hydration is essential for various bodily functions, including reducing inflammation. Aim to drink an adequate amount of water throughout the day.

• Avoid Harmful Substances: Limit your intake of processed foods, sugary beverages, and alcohol. 

_{Featured Image Credit: AsiaVision/ iStock}